Appendix 2: Motifs and Patterns of the Royal Battle Story
- Characters
- “Our” Side
- king as human hero and leader
- deity as divine hero and leader
- king’s army
- divine army or meteorological elements
- Enemy Side
- enemy king
- enemy king’s army
- other characters found in the classic pattern
- “Our” Side
- The Beginning
- Description of the king
- Enemy’s threat: aggression from the outside whether past or present
- Reaction of helplessness by those other than the king
- The Middle
- Call and commission of the king by the helpless
- King’s reaction of righteous indignation
- Divine call and commission of the king by the deity
- call by the king
- direct personal prayer
- sacrificial consultoria
- sacrifices entreating divine favor
- king’s vow
- deity’s oracle with the call and commission
- to the king by direct address or by a dream
- spontaneously to a third person
- through cultic means
- preparation for battle by the king
- arming of the king
- call and commission of the army
- call by the king
- The Resolution
- Verbal exchange between the king and the enemy by messengers with the enemy’s false confidence
- Battle and victory
- the divine warrior precedes and fights with the king and his army
- The king’s great power alone brings about the victory
- The enemy’s recognition of defeat and reaction of helplessness
- fear
- flight
- Recognition of victory by “our” side
- pursuit
- great/total destruction of the enemy army
- fate of the enemy king: death, escape, capture
- Plunder
- Recognition of the deity as hero: sacrifices
- Recognition of the king as hero
- speeches by the enemy king, other kings, the army, the people
- gifts: tribute
- erection of a stele or temple.
- The enemy’s recognition of defeat and reaction of helplessness